What is Hydraulic Oil?

What is Hydraulic Oil?
Hydraulic oil is a non-compressible fluid used to transfer power within hydraulic machinery and equipment. Hydraulic fluid, also known as hydraulic fluid, can be synthetic or mineral-based.

At Hidroman, as a hydraulic oil supplier, we handle 99% of mineral-based hydraulic oils.

While this beneficial fluid is widely used in power transmission, hydraulic fluid can also serve as a seal, coolant, and lubricant within machinery and equipment.

The key difference between synthetic and mineral-based hydraulic oils is
Most produced oils are either mineral-based or synthetic. Mineral-based hydraulic oils are derived from crude oil fractions, while synthetic hydraulic oils are made using chemically produced base fluids.

Synthetic oils can be formulated to provide superior physical properties, such as high-temperature performance, biodegradability, and oxidation stability, compared to mineral oils.

How do hydraulic systems work?
The key role of hydraulic oil in a hydraulic system is to transfer power from one end of the system to the other and to various hydraulic components.

When an external force is applied to a non-compressible hydraulic fluid—usually from a piston within a cylinder—the oil is pushed through the hydraulic system, ultimately producing a force on another part of the system. This results in movement or action.

Applying force to a material typically results in compression, so you might be wondering if hydraulic oil is compressible, but a fundamental property of hydraulic fluids is that they must be incompressible.

'Incompressible' means that the fluid cannot be compressed. Liquids are compressible to some extent, but incredibly negligibly so and were not considered for our guide. Gases, in contrast, are compressible and therefore not used in hydraulics.

Where Is Hydraulic Oil Used?
Hydraulic fluids are used in many applications across every industry. To give you an idea of the wide range of uses for hydraulic fluid and why industrial hydraulic oil is so important, here are 9 examples of equipment and machinery that use hydraulic oil:

Forklifts - The hydraulic system within forklifts and stackers is crucial for helping power the incredibly powerful forks that must lift some super-heavy items.
Log Splitters - The ram mechanism in a hydraulic oil log splitter requires hydraulic fluid to deliver the immense power that can split logs with ease. Log splitters are also known as wood splitters!
Car Lifts: Car lifts (car jacks, automotive lifts, etc.) require hydraulic oil to support their impressive power range! These types of machines depend heavily on reliable hydraulic oil for both performance and safety. Hydraulic fluid for a car lift tends to have a higher viscosity for high pressure.
Snowplows: Hydraulic oil for snowplows and farm equipment is essential for the powerful operation of the snowplow's lifting, tilting, and angling movements. The cold weather conditions associated with plow use mean that the hydraulic fluid used in the snowplow will be blended with antifreeze additives.
Skid Steers (Skid-steer Loaders and Skidsteers) - Skid steer hydraulic oil is as versatile as the machine it operates. Hydraulic oil plays a crucial role in the many tasks this machine can competently complete.
Aircraft (Aviation) - Reliable aircraft hydraulic oil is essential in the aviation industry, as it is used for aviation control systems, aircraft hangar doors, aircraft jacks, and aircraft controls.
Air Equipment - Air tools and air compressors require high-pressure hydraulic oil containing anti-wear additives for protection.
Tractors - Tractor hydraulic oil is essential for the operation of hydraulic brakes and hydraulic systems in agricultural vehicles and machinery. You may want to use a reputable manufacturer for your hydraulic oil tractor supply to ensure your expensive machinery and equipment are well maintained and protected.

Cruise Ships and the Marine Industry - If you've been fortunate enough to sail on a cruise ship, you'll have experienced the comfort of being at sea. Hydraulic oil is used on many marine vessels for stabilizers. Stabilizers reduce the amount of rolling that can affect the ship's stability and cause you to experience hostile sea motion sickness. This is just one of many other applications requiring hydraulic oil on marine vessels.

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Hydraulic Oil Properties
The properties and characteristics of any hydraulic oil are vital to ensuring your hydraulic system can operate under the operating conditions in which it is required. This is especially true for industrial or commercial hydraulic oils. Therefore, for a hydraulic oil to be useful, it must possess the following characteristics:

Non-compressible
Thermal stability throughout the operating temperature range
Fire resistance
Non-corrosive to the system
Anti-wear to the system
Low tendency to cavitation
Water tolerance (resistance to water contamination)
Complete water rejection
Constant viscosity regardless of temperature
Long life
Affordable
Few, if any, fluids perfectly meet the above criteria. However, there is a comprehensive range of hydraulic oils specialized in meeting the above characteristics for the conditions in which they are required. These conditions can range from those required for operation at low temperatures (winter hydraulic oil), to those required for operation at high temperatures, and to a variety of other temperatures.

Composition of Hydraulic Oil
Hydraulic oil is made up of a base fluid and several different components. Depending on the type of oil you need, these components can often be mixed.

Generally speaking, hydraulic fluids consist of:

Mineral oil
Esters
Glycol
Silicon
Ethers
Some other chemicals that are hard to pronounce!
For various hydraulic fluid applications, blenders will mix the base oil with different types of additives to give the hydraulic oil different properties.

Hydraulic Oil Additives
Depending on how you use your hydraulic oil, there will be additional additives that help it perform under different conditions. Different hydraulic fluid additives include:

Anti-wear - Helps extend the life of equipment and machinery, as you'll see in AW-type hydraulic fluids.
Cold Flow - Additives that allow use in extremely cold weather conditions.
Anti-foam - An anti-foaming agent for hydraulic oil reduces foaming in the fluid that can occur from detergents. This foaming can reduce the product's lubricating quality and thus cause damage.
Antioxidant - Allows for longer periods of use between oil changes while also reducing sludge deposits. Rust inhibitor - Forms a protective coating that reduces the risk of rust damage from contact with oxygen.

These additives are used individually and in combination in various blends designed for different purposes. Hydraulic oil properties can vary depending on the additives used, but typical properties tend to be a high viscosity index and incompressibility.

Below is a list of common uses for hydraulic oil and the types of additive(s) that can be added to the oil to help it perform at its optimum level.

Hydraulic oil for high-temperature applications
Under high heat, the oil becomes less viscous and flows more easily, meaning it can leak or lose its essential properties. Additives are used to maintain the viscosity of fluids used in applications involving exposure to higher temperatures.

Hydraulic oil for heavy-duty applications
Heavy-duty hydraulic oil is required for high-pressure environments where the fluid must be able to handle significant stress. The hydraulic oil additives used here will typically contain anti-wear properties. Anti-wear hydraulic oil is one of the most common blends used in industry and construction.

Hydraulic Oil Classifications
Hydraulic oil classifications are a subgroup of different fluids with varying performance levels.

Below is a list of common hydraulic oil classifications and their corresponding descriptions:

HL - Refined mineral oils with anti-oxidation and rust-inhibiting properties
HM - HL with enhanced anti-wear properties
HR - HL oils with VI improvers
Hydraulic Oil Ratings
When an additive company sells an additive package, they will work with a specific manufacturer to create a product that works perfectly with that manufacturer's application. This can be monitored by a hydraulic oil supplier who uses the additive in the fluid. Hydraulic oil ratings or approvals are required by many oil end users to ensure they are using the correct fluid for their equipment.

Hydraulic Oil Analysis
Commonly known as condition monitoring, hydraulic oil analysis services are used by those who want to get the most out of their oil before having to replace it in their hydraulic applications.

This works by sending a sample of the hydraulic oil to a laboratory, which analyzes the sample and reports back with details about whether it's safe to use or needs to be replaced. This reassures the end user that it's still usable and prevents damage to expensive equipment due to dirty or worn oil.

Why Is Hydraulic Oil Analysis Important?
The importance of oil analysis should be high on everyone's list. Below is a list of a few reasons why it shouldn't be overlooked and how it pays for itself many times over:

It reduces the cost of early oil changes.
Minimize damage to your machinery by detecting problems early.
It has the potential to increase the life and performance of machinery.
It reduces the risk of damage to machinery and products.
It reduces the risk of human injury and further costs in claims and damages.

Hydraulic Oil Temperature Range
Depending on the application of the hydraulic fluid, it can be exposed to either cold or hot temperatures. In some cases, hydraulic oil can be exposed to both hot and cold temperatures, which can render the oil useless if not blended with the correct additives.

Hydraulic fluids are temperature stable, meaning they maintain their properties within a specific temperature range. Anything above or below this will negatively impact temperature stability, causing the fluid to wax and harden under cold conditions or lose viscosity and potentially leak at higher temperatures. High temperatures can cause the hydraulic oil to deteriorate rapidly.

Viscosity of Hydraulic Oil Versus Temperature
The viscosity and temperature of hydraulic oil are closely linked. As the temperature increases, the viscosity of the oil will decrease—like when you pour cooking oil into a slightly cold pan, it will move slowly, but when the pan heats up, the oil will move very quickly and easily. As the temperature decreases, the hydraulic oil will become more viscous.

Blenders always strive to ensure that hydraulic oil operates effectively over a wider temperature range. This means they will cool down at lower temperatures and operate more effectively as the temperature increases.

Hydraulic Oil Viscosity Index
We use the oil viscosity index (VI) to measure the change in viscosity of a hydraulic oil as the temperature changes. If the hydraulic oil has a low viscosity index, a temperature change will change the viscosity more than if it has a high viscosity index.

A hydraulic oil with a higher VI will generally be required in applications exposed to a wider range of ambient and/or operating temperatures.

A straight paraffinic mineral base oil typically produces a fluid with a low viscosity index, while a paraffinic mineral base oil with viscosity improvers will produce a fluid with a high viscosity index.

The SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) has created a classification table (VI Scale) to indicate low to high viscosity levels based on temperature in °C. Initially, the scale only went up to 100°C, but with advancements in hydraulic oil blends, the scale now exceeds that number!

Viscosity Index Classification
0-35°C Low
35-80°C Medium
80-110°C High
110°C and above Very High
Hydraulic Oil Grades and Standards
ISO VG - ISO Grade (ISO being the International Standards Organization) - The higher the VG number, the more viscous the fluid. The VG number tells you the thicker the hydraulic oil. This is sometimes called the hydraulic oil weight. Grades with a W indicate the weight (as opposed to automotive engine oil, which indicates winter oil).

AGMA Grade - American Gear Manufacturers Association - Leaders in gear oil standards.

SAE - Society of Automotive Engineers

In the UK, ISO VG is primarily used to classify hydraulic oil. Below is a list of common ISO hydraulic oil grades and a general guide to their applications:

ISO 100 Hydraulic Oil – ISO VG 100 Hydraulic Fluid is typically used in heavy-duty industrial machinery.
ISO 15 Hydraulic Oil – ISO VG 15 Hydraulic Fluid is typically used in power steering and hydraulic brake systems.
ISO 22 Hydraulic Oil – ISO VG 22 Hydraulic Fluid is typically used in airline aircraft, etc.
ISO 32 Hydraulic Oil – ISO VG 32 Hydraulic Fluid is ideal for use in high-power machine tools.
ISO 46 Hydraulic Oil – ISO VG 46 Hydraulic Fluid is typically required for industrial installations operating under high pressure, etc.
ISO 68 Hydraulic Oil – ISO VG 68 Hydraulic Fluid is designed for use in systems requiring high load-carrying capacity.
Please note that the above examples are only a rough guide and some grades may overlap. It is always best to consult your supplier or manufacturer!

All hydraulic components required for your machine are offered to you from a single address. With 20 years of experience in hydraulic system engineering, strong collaborations with the world's distinguished brands and following new technologies in the sector, we offer you perfect and competitive solutions.

We produce special solutions for you.

Our Hydraulic System Engineers produce package solutions for you. Hydraulic Components such as Hydraulic Hose, Bent Pipe with Union, Connection Element, Pipe Clamps, Hydraulic Filters, Line Type Valves that your machine needs are determined on-site by our Engineers and all equipment suitable for your needs are listed after the necessary system calculations and offered to you as a package solution.

Our customers choose Hidroman companies due to the creativity and efficiency of our employees. We are committed to diversity, innovations, technology, and we invest in skills through training and development.

We understand you very well with our machine manufacturing experience dating back to 1950.

OUR BRANDS

We manufacture in many areas under the roof of Hidroman. We manage each product group and production groups separately to increase our service quality. For more information: www.hidroman.com.tr

As Seide Makina A.Ş., we establish Hydraulic Hose Production Lines with Fittings and Twisted Steel Drawn Pipe Production Lines with Fittings. For more information:

www.seidehydraulics.com

www.seidemachine.com

As Heben Makina, we produce mobile construction equipment with hydraulic systems.

As Hydraulic Market, we offer hydraulic equipment and services to our customers via the internet with our online sales platform in Türkiye. For more information: www.hidrolikmarket.com.tr

As Hydraulic Store, we offer hydraulic equipment and services to our customers via the internet with our online sales platform abroad.

As Pneumatic Market, we offer our customers pneumatic equipment and services over the internet with our online sales platform in Türkiye. For more information: www.pnomatikmarket.com

As Ata Hydraulic Cylinder, we manufacture hydraulic cylinders and perform hydraulic cylinder revisions.

As Hydraulic Service, we are not only there for you in case of Hydraulic System Failures and Sudden Stops, but also ensure that your hydraulic system machines operate with more efficiency with our predictive maintenance work. For more information: www.hidrolikservis.com.tr

Customer - Supplier - Employee Collaboration on Sustainability
Great marketing is a powerful tool for change. We work with the world's leading expert brands on social and environmental issues, creating work that addresses stereotypes, changes minds and encourages healthier and more sustainable consumer choices.

Our ethical standards
We aim to create a consistent culture across Hidroman companies and locations, helping our employees apply high standards and make the right decisions. Respect for human rights is a fundamental principle for Hidroman and we apply rigorous privacy and data security standards.

Hydraulic Engineering Solutions That Suit Your Needs
Meet Hydraulic Component Kits that suit your needs!

We work to speed up your manufacturing with Good Engineering solutions.

With our ready-made kits, we undertake your stock costs and assembly costs, so your valuable time is yours. We think and implement everything so that you can produce better machines.

Perfect Solutions with Our Transparent Approach
With our transparent manufacturing approach, we open the doors of every stage of our production to you. Don't waste your valuable time on hydraulic components, we work to offer you good engineering solutions. Let us do all your work on hydraulic components, focus on your work without wasting time on your machine's hydraulic system improvements.

Value Added Service
· Independent application consultancy and engineering

· Active support with the selection of suitable components considering technical and economic criteria

· Analysis and optimization of the current design and development of the new system

· On-site assembly training and hydraulic seminars

Fast Supply
Meet our flexible customer-oriented solution methods; we produce special solutions for you so that you do not have problems with supply.

Our Strengths - Your Advantages
· We make the necessary machinery and equipment investments on your behalf to increase your efficiency and performance.

· We produce extra values by reducing the total cost.

We open branches for you, at your location, specifically for you and only to serve you.

Hidroman Makes a Difference with Its Customer-Focused After-Sales Service Approach!

Hidroman, which has a 20-year history in the Hydraulic System sector, offers an after-sales service approach focused on increasing customer satisfaction with maintenance contracts that aim to reduce the operating costs of its customers and increase efficiency.

Hidroman, the innovative brand of the Hydraulic Equipment sector, continues to make a difference with its after-sales services positioned in accordance with the needs of its customers as well as the services it offers before and after sales. Hidroman, which aims to provide uninterrupted and safe services to its customers with its operations throughout Turkey and Europe, defines a perfect customer experience as product reliability and after-sales service reliability.

Hidroman, which has made being with its customers throughout the life of the product in order to create brand loyalty a part of its corporate culture, organizes the services it offers within the scope of After-Sales Services under four main headings as supervision and assembly, commissioning, maintenance-repair and original spare parts supply. Supervision service; It covers consultancy and training services on issues such as efficient hydraulic equipment selection, rules to be considered for correct product installation and connection of the pump with other installation equipment. After the installation of the device, the commissioning service is also carried out by Hidroman’s expert technical staff.

In hydraulic equipment technologies used in many different areas, malfunctions may occur over time due to operating conditions. During the 10-year life of a piece of equipment, the initial investment cost and repair expenses constitute 10-15% of its total cost, while the remaining expenses are due to energy consumption. Hidroman examines all processes from the selection of the hydraulic system to all the equipment on which the hydraulic system will operate, and offers “efficient system solutions that aim to minimize energy consumption”.

In addition, with preventive and protective maintenance agreements, it aims to reduce the risk of failure of the device, extend its life and ensure that the device operates with high efficiency and low energy consumption.

Thanks to the advantages offered by Hidroman with preventive and protective maintenance services, the budget allocated by its customers for maintenance pays for itself in a short time.

In businesses where uninterrupted service is important, Hidroman intervenes in malfunctions in a short time and minimizes damages caused by labor losses. Offering its customers a 10-year original spare part guarantee in the hydraulic systems it sells, Hidroman delivers tested original spare parts from stock in case of malfunction, shortens malfunction periods and eliminates disruptions that may occur during this period.

Hidroman After-Sales Services department stated that they offer annual maintenance services in accordance with the needs of the business. It states that their aim with maintenance services is to increase hydraulic system efficiency, ensure continuous operation of the hydraulic system and to detect, monitor and prevent possible malfunctions in operating equipment and devices by using technological measurement, control, analysis and monitoring devices.

We aim to standardize the service provided by our authorized services by inspecting them at certain intervals. In addition, we follow the calibration processes of our technical equipment in line with quality certificates. We attach importance to communication channels to be established in order to increase customer satisfaction both in sales and service. We are at the service of our customers 24/7 with our competent services that can answer the questions of our customers who buy our products by trusting our brand. In order to measure the customer satisfaction rate, we organize surveys for our customers at certain intervals through our call center. As a result of the feedback we receive, we take action quickly to meet the expectations of our customers. The nature of the products and services in the market is changing rapidly with the effect of the digital transformation we are experiencing due to technological developments. For this reason, we see the development in our products and services as a constantly living process and we continue our improvement and development works without stopping.

What is Hydraulic Oil?

What is Hydraulic Oil?

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